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Behaviour designed to frighten, isolate, manipulate, or undermine someone over time.

Examples may include:

– Constant criticism or humiliation
– Gaslighting or mind games
– Threats or intimidation
– Extreme jealousy or possessiveness
– Isolating someone from friends or family

Any use of physical force, violence, or intimidation against another person.

Examples may include:

– Hitting, slapping, or pushing
– Strangulation or choking
– Throwing objects
– Restraining someone
– Damaging property

Any unwanted sexual behaviour, pressure, coercion, or violence.

Examples may include:

– Pressuring someone into sexual activity
– Rape or sexual assault
– Ignoring boundaries or consent
– Sharing intimate images without consent
– Controlling reproductive choices

Using money, work, or access to resources to control another person.

Examples may include:

– Controlling access to money
– Preventing someone from working
– Monitoring spending
– Building debt in someone’s name
– Hiding important financial documents

Using technology or online spaces to monitor, harass, or control someone.

Examples may include:

– Demanding passwords
– Monitoring messages or social media
– Tracking someone’s location
– Sending repeated unwanted messages
– Sharing private information online

Repeated behaviour that causes fear, distress, or makes someone feel unsafe.

Examples may include:

– Following or monitoring someone
– Repeated unwanted contact
– Showing up unexpectedly
– Watching someone’s home or workplace
– Creating fake accounts to contact them